Which procedure involves recording the electrical activity in the brain and can detect seizure activity, tumors, or injuries to the brain?

• A. Lumbar puncture
• B. Electroencephalogram (EEG)
• C. Nasal mucous membrane
• D. Sinus cavities

Answer: (B)

Recording the brain’s electrical activity with electrodes placed on the scalp is the EEG. By watching brain wave patterns, clinicians can identify seizure activity—such as characteristic spikes or sharp waves that signal epilepsy. EEGs also show how brain regions are functioning; when a tumor or a brain injury affects activity, you’ll often see areas of slowing or abnormal rhythms that reflect the disruption in normal brain function. This functional information is why EEG is the go-to test for evaluating seizures and for monitoring electrical changes when there’s concern about brain injury or lesions. Other options don’t measure brain electrical activity: lumbar puncture analyzes cerebrospinal fluid, while nasal mucous membranes and sinus cavities are outside the brain and don’t provide electrical readings.